[Gasification] Aviation'sroleinglobalwarming...9/11 aftermathproves theories onH20incontrailsin dramatic fashion.

[Ken Basterfield]

Hello Greg,
We don't get much call for military jet fuel, merely AvTur being sold on our
airfields.

I looked up the NATO definitions which include civilian use jet fuels, there
is no reference to Diesel based fuels:

http://www.nato.int/docu/logi-en/1997/lo-15a.htm

Extract below.



The notes at the bottom give the rated min. temperatures for the fuel.

Depends where it is and at what time of year but your 80,000 ft high
military jet could be in warmer temps, and is possibly not the worst case as
I think you implied. The ozonosphere shows a positive lapse rate, i.e
increasing temp with altitude.

Since the troposhere is where the weather is, i.e where most of the water
is, then jet activity at these altitutes will affect cloud formation. 
Making jets fly higher into the stratosphere might be the solution to
aircraft induced cloud cover. The base of the stratosphere can be anywhere
between about 20,000ft and 60,000ft.  There is a price of course- in the
extra fuel required for the added climb. 

The F40 grade of wide cut is now superceded by F34

Ken
  
  

NATO
Logistics
Handbook
October 1997
 Chapter 15: Fuels, Oils, Lubricants and
Petroleum Handling Equipment
Annex A
Aide Memoire on Fuels in NATO

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----

AVIATION FUELS
NATO CODE 

F-18 
is an aviation gasoline (low lead) in limited use by certain NATO nations.
Also known as AVGAS 100LL. 
F-34 
is a military kerosene type aviation turbine fuel with Fuel System Icing
Inhibitor (FSII) (NOTE 1) used by land based military gas turbine engined
aircraft in all NATO countries. (NOTE 2) Also known as JP-8 or AVTUR/FSII.
JET A-1 or AVTUR + Additives (NOTE 3) = JP-8 or AVTUR/FSII. 
F-35 
is a military kerosene type aviation turbine fuel equivalent to that used by
most civil operators of gas turbine engined aircraft. Also known as JET A-1
or AVTUR.
JET A-1 or AVTUR; therefore F-34 = F-35 + Additives. 
F-40 
is a military wide cut type aviation turbine fuel with FSII used by land
based military gas turbine engined aircraft (NOTE 2). Also known as JP-4 or
AVTAG/FSII. Within NATO it is an emergency substitute for F-34/F-35. 
F-44 
is a military high flash point kerosene type aviation turbine fuel with FSII
used by ship borne military gas turbine engine aircraft in most NATO
countries. Also known as JP-5 or AVCAT/FSII JET A and JET B (See NOTES 4 and
5) 



NOTES: 


FSII NATO Code S-1745. Additive to aviation turbine fuels as system icing
inhibitor. 
Until 1986, F-40 was used by land based gas turbine engined aircraft in all
NATO countries except France and the United Kingdom which had converted to
F-34 some 15 years earlier. Following a decision by NATO Defence Ministers
all nations except Turkey switched from F-40 to F-34. The conversion (known
as Stage 1 of the Single Fuel Concept) was completed in 1988. Turkey
completed its conversion from F-40 to F-34 in 1996. 
The term "additives" used in this Aide Memoire can include FSII corrosion
inhibitor/lubricity improver additive and static-dissipator additive (SDA). 
JET A is a civil grade of kerosene type aviation turbine fuel only supplied
for operations in the United States. It has a freezing point of -40oC max
which differs from JET A-1 (-47oC). 
JET B is a civil grade of wide cut type aviation turbine fuel which has a
different freezing point (-50oC) from F-40 (-58oC) and does not normally
contain FSII. 
For further details about these fuels, see Annex C to STANAG 1135. 

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