[Gasification] Electric energy for gasification

Sun May 18 13:07:20 CDT 2008

GF & Martin perhaps this report help to understand microwave method
for pyrolisis:
New methods, new alloys, new materials are shaping the futureBy RICK BARRETT
rbarrett at journalsentinel.comWith parts from microwave ovens bought at a discount store, Jim Hwang is trying to change the steel industry.
   Manufacturing    
 Photo/Courtesy of Michigan Technological University
 Jim Hwang (left) holds a crucible with raw materials &#65533; iron ore and coal &#65533; that he and research leader Xiaodi Huang smelt into steel. 

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 Hwang, an engineering professor at Michigan Technological University in Houghton, has built a small iron ore smelter that's about six times faster than a conventional blast furnace at reducing iron oxide to iron, and then making steel.
   In his laboratory, Hwang can produce steel in minutes, when normally it would take hours. His goal is to build a larger microwave smelter that can create a ton of steel in about an hour, at half the normal cost.
  "We knew that microwaves were good at heating things, and steel is made by heat as well," Hwang said. "So we tried it, and it worked."
  Hwang's research is an example of innovation that could change the steel mill industry. Steelmakers say such efforts are essential as their industry is pressured to cut production costs, while at the same time creating new materials that are stronger, lighter and more durable.
  "We innovate or we die," Daniel DiMicco, president and chief executive of Nucor Corp., a large steelmaker, said last week at an industry conference in Charlotte, N.C.

gfwhell at aol.com escribió: Martin.
In my lab days we used used the additional diffusion mercury vapor pumps after pulling down. The mercury was supplemental for the less hazardous?silicone oil. a heat?trap cooled with liquid nitrogen also helped the system. we aimed for 10 - 6 tor ?I worked on the the first vacuum furnace to be used in the UK for growing silicone crystals for semi conductor manufacturing.

The use of microwave heating of gasses can be carried out at atmospheric pressure. Shielding gas is used to prevent the plasma?melting the containment surfaces. Tempratures of 5000 C have been attained. 2.45ghz which happens to be the frequency used by roadside micro wave ovens and is very convenient for the shade tree quantum mechanic. Be warned, micro waves are not a healthy?form of?radiation. The faraday cage used to retain the radiation must have hole sizes smaller than the wave length.The doors of the roadside units will yield some of the required shielding material. A worth while precaution would be to surround your working model with a few flurescent tubes as leakage detectors.?Leaking ?radiation will cause the gas inside the tubes to?ionize ( use tested tubes).
With regard to the the energy requirements of?converting CO2? CO C and O2 into usable fuel gas, using magnetrons. It must be born in mind that the feed stock gasses will be admitted into the reactor at the highest temprature available from the?gasifier, the additional? heat energy obtained by passing this gas through a heat exchanger on the?OUTPUT from the reactor?reclaims a considerable portion of the reaction heat.
? Just to wet the apetite of these pyromechanicsTry the candle in the micro wave oven first, then the cherry and the ball lightning.

GF

-----Original Message-----
From: MDK 
To: Discussion of biomass pyrolysis and gasification 
Sent: Sat, 17 May 2008 9:08 am
Subject: Re: [Gasification] Electric energy for gasification

Not all microwave processing is or needs to be done under a vacuum, but it is 
likely most will be.

I've also spent years working with vacuum. The cost of creating the vacuum is 
dependent on the size, design of the processing equipment, desired product, etc. 
For example, a 0.8 kwH home system wouldn't have a throttled 300 cu in ICE in it 
to create the vacuum. But a 80 kwH system commercial unit may. There are other 
ways of creating a vacuum in a system.

One pump that I have was made in the early 1930's & used 7 days a week for 40 
years. It still works fine. A vacuum pump is old tech. A well equipped US home 
workshop would have the tools for making a vacuum pump. 

In fact, a local manufacturer of prototype computer chips has his high tech 
vacuum equipment made by a retire tool & die maker working in his garage. This 
vacuum equipment uses "waste" process heat to create the vacuum( I don't really 
understand more than the basics of how this works).  

Energy balance is important, but not the main thing. On a btu basis, not all 
forms of energy have the same value. Energy in the form of elec has a lower 
dollar value than liq transportation fuel has.  

Kind of goes like this to be workable over time:

$ for biomass + $ for elec + $ for fixed cost + $ for var cost <= $ income or $ 
saved  

Martin           

>GF, MDK, AJH and list,
>   
>  Didn't I see that the microwave process was done under vacuum?  Has the 
energy balance taken creating that vacuum into account?  
>   
>  I've worked on drying wood under vacuum and it's no small cost in machinery 
or energy.  
>   
>  Toby Seiler, STC
>   
>   
>
>       
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