[Stoves] Development and Dissemination in Sri Lanka: the AnagiStory (IDEA)

Wed Sep 27 01:10:50 CDT 2006

Hi Tom

this looks very much like the stove that our own  stover/ceramicist Laurie 
Childears literally "wrote the book on" maybe 20- 30 years ago.  Could you 
check with Laurie?  maybe her contribution should be acknowledged!!

God Bless

Larry
----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Tom Miles" <tmiles at trmiles.com>
To: <stoves at listserv.repp.org>
Sent: Tuesday, September 26, 2006 6:06 PM
Subject: [Stoves] Development and Dissemination in Sri Lanka: the AnagiStory 
(IDEA)

> Link to the story and pictures at:
>
> http://bioenergylists.org/en/srilankaanagi
>
> Commercialised stove production in Sri Lanka - 300000 stoves a year - A
> success story.
>
> By R.M.Amerasekera Executive Director IDEA
>
> Since the inception of improved cook stove(ICS) program in Sri Lanka in
> early 1970s it has gone through several stages during its long journey. 
> The
> period can be broadly divided into three phases of development.
>
> (1) Design and testing phase 1970-1985
>
> (2)Promotion & dissemination 1985-1991
>
> (3)Commercialisation phase 1991-2005.
>
> During this period of development, several stakeholders from government 
> and
> non-government organisations participated, and the objectives changed from 
> a
> narrow focus on firewood conservation to a more integrated-development
> approach. The present design is an one piece two-pot clay stove, which can
> be used alone or with a mud-insulated covering as desired by the user
> according to its needs. About 750000 stoves have been disseminated during
> the subsidised phase from 1985 - 1991 with the support of the government 
> and
> several donor agencies mainly the DGIS (Royal Netherlands Government). The
> stove promoted during this phase, which was a two pot mud insulated with a
> pottery liner required a skilled stove-installer. It was developed by the
> "Sarvodaya", a leading NGO. It turned out, however, that it was difficult 
> to
> promote a heavy mass stove as a marketable product. That is why this model
> was later modified into a twopot single piece clay stove, which is the
> present stove called "Anagi". It was the model used in the 
> commercialisation
> phase initiated in 1991 by the Integrated Development Association (IDEA)
> with technical assistance from the ITDG and funding from the ODA. The 
> stove
> is designed to cater for the cooking needs of an average family of 6 
> people.
>
> It can be estimated that over two million "Anagi" stoves have been
> commercially produced and marketed since 1991. Now, about 300000 stoves 
> are
> annually produced by 120 rural potters trained by IDEA scattered in 14
> districts of the country. Today "Anagi" ICS is one of the most widespread
> pottery items in village grocery stores. If the Anagi stove is used 
> without
> insulation, its life-time may be of about 1 year and if insulated, 3 years
> or more. Several district surveys revealed that over 20% of households use
> Anagi stoves. Sri Lanka's ICS promotion is now fully commercialised. The
> basic factors of demand, supply and profitmaking concepts determine the
> continuation of the commercialisation of ICS.
>
> Training in stove production is provided by IDEA and a set of templates 
> and
> moulds are given to the trained potters to maintain the correct dimensions
> and quality. A training manual has been prepared to cover all aspects of 
> the
> stove construction from clay mixing, to throwing, assembling, drying and
> firing of stoves. The technical energy efficiency of the "Anagi " ICS is 
> 21%
> and a large number of field tests performed recorded firewood savings
> ranging from 22% to 43% in addition to an average time saving of 30%. The
> wholesale price of the stove at the production centre ranges from RS 65 to
> Rs 95 while the retail price varies from about Rs 90 to Rs 200, (* 1 Euro 
> =
> Rs 120) .
>
> Marketing of Stoves
>
> General distributors (Wholesale buyers) visit the production centres to 
> buy
> the stoves in bulk. Producers have their regular buyers. A lorry can
> accommodate about 400 stoves at a time. Stoves purchased are distributed 
> to
> retail shops spread over a distance of about 200 km. Small producers 
> living
> in isolated areas sell their products directly in the village at prices 
> much
> higher than the normal selling price of Rs 120.
>
> Simple cost- benefit analysis
>
> Assumptions:
>
> An average family of 6 persons use 200 kg/month
>
> Price of firewood: Rs 3/kg Average cooking time 6 hrs/day
>
> Average firewood savings and time savings 30%
>
> Average stove price: Rs 120
>
> (Note: Majority of rural users collect their own firewood at no cost)
>
> Financial benefit: Rs 60/month. Pay back period 2 months
>
> Time savings: 2 hrs/day
>
> Environmental Benefits: In a study done by the Centre of Environmental
> strategy, University of Surrey, it is estimated that considering 4
> scenarios, the Anagi Stove has the potential to reduce CO2 emissions 
> within
> a range of of 111 kg/ CO2/capita/year to 266 CO2/capita/year. (Initial
> Evaluation of CDM type projects in Developing Countries. Dr K.G. Begg et 
> al.
> Centre for Environmental Strategy, University of Surrey)
>
> Employment & Income Generation/ 1000 stoves/month
>
> Assumption: Wholesale price Rs 65/stove and Retail Price Rs 120/stove
>
> Production Turnover: Rs 65000. Employment: 1 potter and 3 unskilled 
> persons.
> Sales
>
> turnover: Rs 55000
>
> Profile of a stove production village
>
> Kumbukgete is the main stove production village situated in the North
> Central province in Sri Lanka. In the year 1985 one family in this village
> was trained to produce the "Sarvodaya" stove under the National Fuelwood
> Conservation Programme implemented by the Ceylon Electricity Board. The
> monthly production of 300 stoves was sold at Rs 25/stove to the programme.
> This was the beginning of stove production in this village. In 1991 when 
> the
> commercial programme was initiated by the Integrated Development 
> Association
> (IDEA) with the support from ITDG to commercialise the "Anagi" Stove
> (improvement of Sarvodaya stove} five families in the village were trained
> to produce 500 stoves a month. At the end of 1996 when the programme was
> over the production had increased to 1500 with 10 families involved in
> production.
>
> Thanks to the continuation of the programme by IDEA after 1996 and the
> partial support from the ARECOP (Asian Regional Cookstove Programme) as 
> well
> as the support of many other donors, the monthly production in the village
> gradually increased to 15000 stoves, which is almost 60% of the total 
> stove
> production in Sri Lanka.
>
> Out of the 39 potter families, 29 families are engaged in stove production
> deriving unskilled labour from the neighbouring villages. Out of the 171
> engaged in production activities 80 are women, 122 are from the families
> within the village and the rest, mainly for unskilled labour are from the
> neighbouring villages. Twelve producers have obtained bank loans ranging
> from Rs 75000 to Rs 200000 to be invested in stove production.
>
> The following data provides evidence of the substantial improvement in the
> socio-economic status thanks to the stove-production activities within the
> village.
>
> Production and Income (See link to story at:
> http://bioenergylists.org/en/srilankaanagi  )
>
> Material Acquisitions before and after commencing stove production
>
> (See link to story at: http://bioenergylists.org/en/srilankaanagi  )
>
> Improvement in Houses
>
> (See link to story at: http://bioenergylists.org/en/srilankaanagi  )
>
> Original story September 2005, IDEA
>
> 2006 100 Sri Lanka Rupees = 0.768 EUR
>
>
>
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