[Stoves] Burning coal in cookstoves

[Tom Miles]

Dean, Crispin,

I'm sure that paper-coal or wood coal combinations would have a similar effect. Think of the paper or coal as providing a pilot flame for the gases evolving from the coal.

Several years ago a professor at University of Pittsburgh was promoting paper-coal briquettes for stokers. His emissions and efficiency results were quite good. I do not remember whether he tested them in stoves. Others have demonstrated similar combinations for coal gasification. See for example, Helmut W. Shultz,1979, Dynecology, http://www.freepatentsonline.com/4152119.html 

Hitoshi et al added sawdust and straw to coal to make a bio-coal briquette. See Bio-coal briquettes and planting trees as an experimental CDM in China∗
Hayami Hitoshi,1) Wake Yoko,2) Kojima Tomoyuki,3) and Yoshioka Kanji1)
http://www.sanken.keio.ac.jp/staff/hayami/papers/keodpg136.pdf 

Nakano et al have looked at the environmental consequences of bio-coal briquettes. Environmental Simulation for China∗:Effects of ’Bio-coal Briquettes’
Nakano, Satoshi† and Asakura, Keiichiro
http://www.iioa.org/pdf/14th%20conf/Nakano.pdf 


For the honeycomb stove emissions see: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2003.11.003 
Emission characterization of particulate/gaseous phases and size association for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from residential coal combustion. Yingjun Chen , Xinhui Bi , Bixian Mai , Guoying Sheng Corresponding Author Contact Information, E-mail The Corresponding Author and Jiamo Fu  

In India Ramesh Singh and Hee-Joon Kim have looked at briquetting plastic with coal. Eco-fuel briquettes for sustainable development Ramesh Man Singh*
http://www.inderscience.com/filter.php?aid=8762 

Heejoon Kim has also looked at Denitrification Mechanism in Combustion of Biocoal Briquettes, 2003, Heejoon Kim* and Tianji Li where pulping black liquor is used as a binder. 
http://pubs.acs.org/cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/esthag/2005/39/i04/abs/es035358k.html 

Reports from Yugoslavia discussed biobriquetting MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF LIGHT COMPOSITIVE BIOBRIQUETTES Slobodanka Janković http://facta.junis.ni.ac.yu/walep/walep97/walep97-08.pdf 

Researchers in Turkey have looked at biomass-lignite blends
Fuel briquettes from biomass–lignite blends S. Yaman M. , H. Haykiri-Açma, K. Imagee Imageen and S. Küçükbayrak
 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-3820(01)00170-9 

Bob Perlack at Oak Ridge National Labs did a policy paper on substituting coal briquettes for fuelwood in developing countries in 1986. http://www.ornl.gov/info/reports/1986/3445600046475.pdf 

It was interesting to see the note in the 2004 CIEHD report on stove in China that " most coal stoves, even those using improved fuel (briquettes) lack flues and cannot be considered improved from the standpoint of IAQ and health." http://ehs.sph.berkeley.edu/hem/hem/documents/China%20Stoves%20summary_sep04.doc 

So there is lots of experience to draw from. 

Tom
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